Itandukaniro hagati ya Nitrate na Nitrite

Itandukaniro ryibanze hagati ya nitrate na nitrite nuko nitrate irimo atome eshatu za ogisijeni ihujwe na atome ya azote mu gihe nitrite irimo atome ebyiri za ogisijeni ihujwe na atome ya azote.
Nitrate na nitrite byombi ni anion organique igizwe na azote na atome ya ogisijeni.Izi anion zombi zifite umuriro w'amashanyarazi -1.Bibaho cyane nka anion yibintu byumunyu.Hariho itandukaniro hagati ya nitrate na nitrite;tuzaganira kuri itandukaniro muriyi ngingo.

Nitrate ni iki?

Nitrate ni anion idasanzwe ifite imiti ya NO3–.Ni anion ya polyatomic ifite atome 4;atome imwe ya azote na atome eshatu za ogisijeni.Anion ifite -1 yishyurwa muri rusange.Ubwinshi bwimitsi yiyi anion ni 62 g / mol.Nanone, iyi anion ikomoka kuri aside ya conjugate;aside nitric cyangwa HNO3.Muyandi magambo, nitrate ni conjugate ishingiro rya acide ya nitric.

Muri make, ion ya nitrate ifite atome imwe ya azote hagati ihuza na atome eshatu za ogisijeni ikoresheje imiti ya covalent.Iyo usuzumye imiterere yimiti yiyi anion, ifite imigozi itatu isa NTA (ukurikije imiterere ya resonance ya anion).Kubwibyo, geometrie ya molekile ni planari ya trigonal.Buri atome ya ogisijeni itwara a - 2⁄3, itanga igiciro rusange cya anion nka -1.

Ku gipimo gisanzwe n'ubushyuhe, hafi yumunyu wose urimo iyi anion ushonga mumazi.Turashobora kubona imyunyu ngugu ya nitrate isanzwe kubitsa;kubitsa nitratine.Ifite ahanini nitrate ya sodium.Byongeye kandi, nitrifingi ya bagiteri irashobora kubyara nitrate.Bumwe mu buryo bukoreshwa cyane mu myunyu ya nitrate ni mu gutanga ifumbire.Ikigeretse kuri ibyo, ni ingirakamaro nka okiside mu bintu biturika.

Nitrite ni iki?

Nitrite ni umunyu udasanzwe ufite imiti ya NO2–.Iyi anion ni anion ihuriweho, kandi ifite atome imwe ya azote ihujwe na atome ebyiri za ogisijeni hamwe na NO covalent chimique ihuza.Kubwibyo, atome ya azote iri hagati ya molekile.Anion ifite -1 yishyurwa muri rusange.

Imisemburo ya anion ni 46.01 g / mol.Nanone, iyi anion ikomoka kuri acide ya nitrous cyangwa HNO2.Kubwibyo, ni ishingiro rya conjugate ya acide ya nitrous.Kubwibyo, dushobora kubyara umunyu wa nitrite mu nganda dukoresheje imyuka ya nitrous mu mazi ya sodium hydroxide.Byongeye kandi, ibi bitanga sodium nitrite dushobora kweza dukoresheje rerystallisation.Byongeye kandi, umunyu wa nitrite nka nitrite ya sodiumi ni ingirakamaro mu kubungabunga ibiryo kuko bishobora kubuza ibiryo gukura kwa mikorobe.

Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati ya Nitrate na Nitrite?

Nitrate ni anion organic anion ifite formulaire ya chimique NO3 - mugihe Nitrite numunyu ngengabuzima ufite imiti ya NO2–.Kubwibyo, itandukaniro ryibanze hagati ya nitrate na nitrite rishingiye kumiti ya anion zombi.Nibyo;itandukaniro nyamukuru hagati ya nitrate na nitrite nuko nitrate irimo atome eshatu za ogisijeni ihujwe na atome ya azote mu gihe nitrite irimo atome ebyiri za ogisijeni ihujwe na atome ya azote.Byongeye kandi, nitrate ion ikomoka kuri aside ya conjugate;aside nitric, mugihe ion ya nitrite ikomoka kuri acide ya nitrous.Nka rindi tandukaniro ryingenzi hagati ya nitrate na nitrite, twavuga ko nitrate ari oxydeire kuko ishobora kugabanuka gusa mugihe nitrite ishobora gukora nka okiside no kugabanya ibintu.