Nigute agaciro k'ububiko bw'umuringa kagenwa?

Nigute agaciro k'ububiko bw'umuringa kagenwa?

Hariho ibintu byinshi ugomba gusuzuma mugihe ugena agaciro kubitsa umuringa.Mu bindi bintu, ibigo bigomba gutekereza ku ntera, gutunganya ibiciro, kugereranya umutungo wumuringa no koroshya ubucukuzi bw'umuringa.Hano hepfo ni incamake yibintu byinshi ugomba gusuzuma mugihe ugena agaciro kubitsa umuringa.

1

Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ububiko bw'umuringa buhari?

Porphyry yabitswemo umuringa uri murwego rwo hasi ariko ni isoko yingenzi yumuringa kuko ishobora gucukurwa ku rugero runini ku giciro gito.Mubisanzwe birimo 0.4% kugeza 1% byumuringa hamwe nubundi buke bwibyuma nka molybdenum, silver na zahabu.Porphyry yabitswemo umuringa mubisanzwe nini kandi ikurwa mubucukuzi bwacukuwe.

Urutare rufite umuringa rufite ubutare nubwoko bwa kabiri bwingenzi bwabitswe mu muringa, bingana na kimwe cya kane cy’ububiko bw’umuringa bwavumbuwe ku isi.

Ubundi bwoko bwabitswe bwumuringa buboneka kwisi harimo:

Ibirunga binini bya sulfide (VMS) ni isoko ya sulfide y'umuringa ikorwa binyuze mu mazi ya hydrothermal yibidukikije mu nyanja.

Ibyuma bya okiside-umuringa-zahabu (IOCG) bibitseho agaciro gakomeye k'umuringa, zahabu na uranium.

Kubitsa umuringa wa skarn, muri rusange, bikozwe muburyo bwo guhindura imyunyu ngugu na fiziki bibaho iyo lithologiya ebyiri zitandukanye zihuye.

2

Ni ikihe kigereranyo cyo kubitsa umuringa?

Impamyabumenyi ni ikintu cyingenzi mu gaciro k’amabuye y'agaciro kandi ni igipimo cyiza cyo kwibanda ku cyuma.Amabuye y'agaciro menshi y'umuringa arimo igice gito gusa cy'icyuma cy'umuringa gihujwe n'amabuye y'agaciro.Ahasigaye ubutare ni urutare rudashaka.

Isosiyete ikora ubushakashatsi ikora gahunda yo gucukura kugirango ikuremo urutare rwitwa cores.Intangiriro noneho isesengurwa muburyo bwa chimique kugirango hamenyekane "urwego" rwo kubitsa.

Urwego rwo kubitsa umuringa rusanzwe rugaragazwa nkuburemere bwijana ryurutare rwose.Kurugero, ibiro 1000 byamabuye yumuringa arimo ibiro 300 byicyuma cyumuringa hamwe nicyiciro cya 30%.Iyo ubunini bwicyuma buri hasi cyane, birashobora gusobanurwa ukurikije ibice kuri miliyoni.Nyamara, amanota ni ihame rusange ryumuringa, kandi ibigo byubushakashatsi bigereranya amanota binyuze mu gucukura no gupima.

Impuzandengo y'umuringa w'amabuye y'agaciro y'umuringa mu kinyejana cya 21 ni munsi ya 0,6%, kandi igipimo cy'amabuye y'agaciro mu bucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro ntikiri munsi ya 2%.

Abashoramari bagomba kureba igereranyo cyamanota nijisho rikomeye.Iyo isosiyete ikora ubushakashatsi itanga amanota, abashoramari bagomba kumenya kubigereranya nuburebure bwuzuye bwimyitozo ngororamubiri ikoreshwa kugirango bamenye amanota.Agaciro ko murwego rwohejuru mubwimbitse buri hasi cyane kurenza agaciro ka mediocre urwego runyuze murwego rwimbitse.

3

Gucukura umuringa bisaba angahe?

Ibirombe binini cyane kandi byunguka cyane ni ibirombe bifungura umwobo, nubwo amabuye y'agaciro y'umuringa yo mu kuzimu adasanzwe.Ikintu cyingenzi mumabuye afunguye ni umutungo ugereranije nubuso.

Amasosiyete acukura amabuye y'agaciro ashishikajwe cyane cyane n’umutwaro uremereye, niwo mubare wubutare butagira agaciro nubutaka hejuru yumutungo wumuringa.Ibi bikoresho bigomba kuvaho kugirango ubone ibikoresho.Escondida, twavuze haruguru, ifite umutungo urimo imitwaro iremereye, ariko kubitsa biracyafite agaciro k'ubukungu kubera umutungo munini uri munsi y'ubutaka.

4

Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'amabuye y'agaciro y'umuringa?

Hariho ubwoko bubiri butandukanye bwo kubitsa umuringa: amabuye ya sulfide hamwe nubutare bwa oxyde.Kugeza ubu, isoko ikunze kugaragara cyane mu bucukuzi bw'umuringa ni sulfide minerval chalcopyrite, igera kuri 50% by'umuringa.Amabuye ya sulfide atunganyirizwa hamwe kugirango abone umuringa.Amabuye y'umuringa arimo chalcopyrite arashobora gutanga intungamubiri zirimo umuringa wa 20% kugeza 30%.

Ibyingenzi bya chalcocite bifite agaciro mubisanzwe murwego rwohejuru, kandi kubera ko chalcocite idafite fer, ibirimo umuringa mubitereko biri hagati ya 37% na 40%.Chalcocite yacukuwe mu binyejana byinshi kandi ni imwe mu bucukuzi bw'umuringa bwunguka cyane.Impamvu yabyo nibirimo byinshi byumuringa, kandi umuringa urimo bitandukanijwe byoroshye na sulferi.

Ariko, ntabwo arikirombe kinini cyumuringa muri iki gihe.Amabuye y'agaciro y'umuringa ashyirwa hamwe na acide sulfurike, ikarekura imyunyu ngugu y'umuringa mu gisubizo cya acide sulfurike itwara umuti wa sulfate y'umuringa.Umuringa uhita wamburwa igisubizo cya sulfate y'umuringa (bita igisubizo gikungahaye cyane) binyuze mu gukuramo ibishishwa no kubitsa amashanyarazi, bikaba bifite ubukungu kuruta flotation.