Niki nakagombye kwitondera hamwe nibicuruzwa byoroshye?

Mubikorwa by'abatwara ibicuruzwa, dukunze kumva ijambo "ibicuruzwa byoroshye".Ariko ni ibihe bicuruzwa byoroshye?Niki nakagombye kwitondera hamwe nibicuruzwa byoroshye?

Mu nganda mpuzamahanga z’ibikoresho, dukurikije amasezerano, ibicuruzwa bikunze kugabanywamo ibyiciro bitatu: ibicuruzwa bitemewe, ibicuruzwa byoroshye n’ibicuruzwa rusange.Ibicuruzwa bitemewe n'amategeko birabujijwe rwose koherezwa.Ibicuruzwa byoroshye bigomba gutwarwa hakurikijwe amabwiriza agenga ibicuruzwa bitandukanye.Ibicuruzwa rusange nibicuruzwa bishobora koherezwa mubisanzwe.
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Ibicuruzwa byoroshye ni iki?
Igisobanuro cyibicuruzwa byoroshye biragoye.Nibicuruzwa hagati yibicuruzwa bisanzwe na magendu.Mu bwikorezi mpuzamahanga, hari itandukaniro rikomeye hagati y’ibicuruzwa byoroshye n’ibicuruzwa binyuranyije n’ibibujijwe.

"Ibicuruzwa byoroshye" muri rusange bivuga ibicuruzwa bigomba kugenzurwa n'amategeko (ubugenzuzi bwubucamanza) (harimo nibiri mubitabo byubugenzuzi bwemewe n'amategeko hamwe n’ubugenzuzi bw’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga B, n’ibicuruzwa byagenzuwe mu buryo bwemewe n’amategeko hanze y’urutonde).Nk: inyamaswa n'ibimera nibicuruzwa byazo, ibiryo, ibinyobwa na vino, ibicuruzwa bimwe na bimwe byamabuye y'agaciro na chimique (cyane cyane ibicuruzwa biteje akaga), kwisiga, gucana umuriro n'amatara, ibiti n'ibiti (harimo ibikoresho byo mu giti), nibindi.

Muri rusange, ibicuruzwa byoroshye nibicuruzwa gusa bibujijwe kwinjira cyangwa kugenzurwa cyane na gasutamo.Ibicuruzwa nkibi birashobora koherezwa hanze mumutekano kandi mubisanzwe kandi bigatangazwa mubisanzwe.Mubisanzwe, bakeneye gutanga raporo yikizamini ijyanye no gukoresha ibipaki bihuye nibiranga umwihariko wabo.Gushakisha ibicuruzwa bikomeye Ibigo bitwara ibicuruzwa bikora ubwikorezi.
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Ni ubuhe bwoko busanzwe bwibicuruzwa byoroshye?
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Batteri

Batteri, harimo ibicuruzwa bifite bateri.Kubera ko bateri zishobora gutera byoroshye gutwikwa, guturika, nibindi, ni bibi kandi bigira ingaruka kumutekano wo gutwara abantu.Nibicuruzwa bibujijwe, ariko ntibibujijwe kandi birashobora gutwarwa muburyo bwihariye.

Kubicuruzwa bya batiri, ibisabwa cyane ni amabwiriza ya MSDS hamwe na UN38.3 (UNDOT) gupima no gutanga ibyemezo;ibicuruzwa bya batiri bifite ibyangombwa bisabwa muburyo bwo gupakira no gukora.

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Ibiryo bitandukanye nibiyobyabwenge

Ibicuruzwa bitandukanye byubuzima biribwa, ibiryo bitunganijwe, ibirungo, ibinyampeke, imbuto zamavuta, ibishyimbo, uruhu nubundi bwoko bwibiribwa, hamwe nubuvuzi gakondo bwabashinwa, ubuvuzi bwibinyabuzima, ubuvuzi bwimiti nubundi bwoko bwibiyobyabwenge bigira uruhare mubitero byibinyabuzima.Mu rwego rwo kurinda umutungo wabo, ibihugu Mu bucuruzi mpuzamahanga, hashyirwaho uburyo bwa karantine buteganijwe kuri ibyo bicuruzwa.Hatariho icyemezo cya karantine, barashobora gushyirwa mubicuruzwa byoroshye.

Icyemezo cya fumigation nimwe mubimenyerewe bisanzwe kuri ubu bwoko bwibicuruzwa, kandi icyemezo cya fumigation nimwe mubyemezo bya CIQ.

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CD, CD, ibitabo nibinyamakuru

Ibitabo, ibinyamakuru, ibikoresho byacapwe, disiki ya optique, CD, firime, nubundi bwoko bwibicuruzwa byangiza ubukungu bwigihugu, politiki, umuco wumuco, cyangwa birimo amabanga ya leta, hamwe nibicuruzwa birimo ibitangazamakuru bibika mudasobwa, birumva niba aribyo bitumizwa mu mahanga cyangwa byoherezwa mu mahanga.

Gutwara ubu bwoko bwibicuruzwa bisaba icyemezo cyigihugu cyandika amajwi n'amashusho hamwe ninzandiko yingwate yanditswe nuwabikoze cyangwa ibyohereza hanze.

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Ibintu bitajegajega nka poro na colloide

Nkamavuta yo kwisiga, ibicuruzwa byita kuruhu, amavuta yingenzi, umuti wamenyo, lipstick, izuba ryizuba, ibinyobwa, parufe, nibindi.

Mugihe cyo gutwara abantu, ibintu nkibi bihindagurika byoroshye, bigahinduka umwuka, bigashyuha no kugongana no gusohora, kandi bigaturika kubera gupakira cyangwa ibindi bibazo.Nibintu bibujijwe mu gutwara imizigo.

Ibicuruzwa nkibi bisaba MSDS (Urupapuro rwumutekano wibikoresho bya chimique) na raporo yubugenzuzi bwibicuruzwa biva ku cyambu cyo kugenda mbere yuko bitangazwa kuri gasutamo.

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Ibintu bikarishye

Ibicuruzwa bikarishye nibikoresho bikarishye, harimo ibikoresho bikarishye byo mu gikoni, ibikoresho byo mu bikoresho hamwe n’ibikoresho, byose ni ibicuruzwa byoroshye.Imbunda y'ibikinisho ifatika izashyirwa mu rwego rw'intwaro kandi ifatwa nk'ibicuruzwa kandi ntibishobora koherezwa.

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Ibiranga impimbano

Ibicuruzwa byanditswemo cyangwa byiganano, byaba ari ukuri cyangwa impimbano, akenshi bikubiyemo ibyago byamakimbirane ashingiye ku mategeko nko kurenga ku mategeko, bityo bakeneye kunyura mu nzira zoroshye.
Ibicuruzwa byiganano birenga kubicuruzwa kandi bisaba gasutamo.

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Ibikoresho bya rukuruzi

Nka banki zingufu, terefone zigendanwa, amasaha, imashini yimikino, ibikinisho byamashanyarazi, kogosha, nibindi. Ibicuruzwa bya elegitoroniki bisanzwe bitanga amajwi nabyo birimo magnesi.

Ingano nubwoko bwibintu bya magneti biragutse cyane, kandi biroroshye kubakiriya kwibeshya kwibwira ko atari ibintu byoroshye.

Incamake:

Kubera ko ibyambu bigana bifite ibyangombwa bitandukanye kubicuruzwa byoroshye, ibisabwa kugirango ibicuruzwa bitangirwa gasutamo hamwe nabatanga serivise y'ibikoresho biri hejuru.Itsinda ryibikorwa rigomba gutegura hakiri kare politiki ijyanye namakuru yicyemezo cyigihugu kigana.

Kubafite imizigo, bagomba kubona serivise ikomeye yo gutanga ibikoresho byo gutwara ibicuruzwa byoroshye.Byongeye kandi, igiciro cyo gutwara ibicuruzwa byoroshye kizaba kiri hejuru.